Herophilus 335-280 B.C.
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Herophilus was a Greek physician who became an anatomist in the Museum at Alexandria. Unfortunately all of his writings have been lost. He dissected human bodies following death to ascertain the "nature of the fatal malady." He was quoted frequently by Galen, Dioscorides, Pliny and Plutarch.
Source: http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/